Yeganeh Mousavi Jahromi; Farhad Khodadad Kashi; Alame Moosapour Ahmadi
Volume 19, Issue 61 , February 2015, , Pages 117-147
Abstract
In the presentstudy,the evaluation of different economic factors’ impact on income inequality in Iran has been considered during the period 1363-1390. In order to achieve this, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag method is used. The results indicate that the rate ofeconomic growth and inflation rate ...
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In the presentstudy,the evaluation of different economic factors’ impact on income inequality in Iran has been considered during the period 1363-1390. In order to achieve this, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag method is used. The results indicate that the rate ofeconomic growth and inflation rate havenegative influence and income tax, labour productivity and gas and oil revenue has a positive influence on income equality.Also based on the results, it can be stated that the relationship between economic growth and income distribution confims Kuznets and Kaldor’s view. The structural stability tests indicate the estimated model is stable. In addition, according to calculated elasticities, it can be concluded that revenue fromincome tax has had the most effect on reducing incomeinequality in Iran during the mentioned period.
Mohamad Nabi Shahiki Tash; Farhad Khodad Kashi; Ali Norouzi
Volume 19, Issue 59 , July 2014, , Pages 39-71
Abstract
In this study the market structure of industrial sector has been evaluated based on the index of economies of scale, Herfindahl – Hirschman concentration index, and Lerner concentration index. Also, the relationship among profitability index and indexes of concentration ratio and economies of scale ...
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In this study the market structure of industrial sector has been evaluated based on the index of economies of scale, Herfindahl – Hirschman concentration index, and Lerner concentration index. Also, the relationship among profitability index and indexes of concentration ratio and economies of scale has been examined. Data used include the information of input and output of the components of cost function, market share of industries, number of firms, and the output price related to 23 industries of ISIC 2-digit code for the period 1996-2009. The result of evaluation of concentration ratio based on the Lerner and Herfindahl indexes indicates that the concentration level has declined during the period under study, while the industry sector has been away from competitive situation. In addition, the elasticity of cost with respect to output is less than unit for all of the industries implying the existence of economies of scale for 23 industries. The most important finding of this study is that the profitability index of industry sector is less than 50% and equal to 38% and the Lerner index and economies of scale are able to explain 52% of variations in profitability index of whole industry. Also, the Lerner index has relative superiority in the explanation of profitability index compared with Herfindahl – Hirschman concentration index.
Farhad Khodadad Kashi; Farideh Bagheri
Volume 7, Issue 22 , April 2005, , Pages 31-42
Abstract
This paper attempt to presents the pattern of distribution poverty among Iranian households calculated by the two criteria, absolute poverty and relative poverty considering socio-economic characteristics (e.g. urban or rural), the household head's educational level, age, occupation, and economic activity, ...
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This paper attempt to presents the pattern of distribution poverty among Iranian households calculated by the two criteria, absolute poverty and relative poverty considering socio-economic characteristics (e.g. urban or rural), the household head's educational level, age, occupation, and economic activity, as well as the location of the household's residence. The research results indicate that during the period in review the rural population poverty share to the country's total poverty has exceeded that of the urban peoples, the former following a downward trend and the latter has an upward trend. The households whose head is in the age group above 55 are poorer than those in the other age groups, and the households whose head is engaged in the agricultural activities or in unskilled jobs are poorer than those in the other occupations.
The results also indicate that the highest rate relates to the households whose head is a family worker or a self-employed worker.
